
| ³²ÇÑ ¼¿ïÀÇ ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ÀÇ¾à °³ÇõÀ» À§ÇÑ ÅõÀï °è¼ÓÁß | 2000.11.05 | ||
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| SEOUL Strikes continue in South Korea as doctors fight drug reform [Lancet Vol 356, No. 9241, 04 Nov 2000] [³²ÇÑ ¼¿ïÀÇ ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ÀÇ¾à °³ÇõÀ» À§ÇÑ ÅõÀï °è¼ÓÁß] There are not many countries where doctors are clubbed and kicked by riot police, but this has been the situation in South Korea on at least one occasion in the past 3 months of a protracted and sometimes violent campaign against the government's medical reforms. ¼¼°èÀÇ ÀÇ»çµé Áß¿¡ µ¥¸ð Áø¾Ð °æÂûµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °ïºÀÁú ´çÇÏ°í ¹ß±æÁú ´çÇÏ´Â °÷Àº ¸¹Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³²ÇÑÀÇ °æ¿ì Àû¾îµµ ÃÖ±Ù 3°³¿ù °£ÀÇ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÀǾàºÐ¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿À·¡µÈ °¡²ûÀº Æø·ÂÀûÀÎ ½ÃÀ§¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Dr Yoo of the Samsung Medical Centre suffered multiple spine fractures after a confrontation between tens of thousands of doctors and 6000 riot police armed with 1 m night-sticks at Yonsei University on Aug 12. He is the not the only victim of a crippling strike by the Korean Medical Association, which has divided doctors and pharmacists, threatened the presidency of new Nobel laureate Kim Dae-jung, and reportedly led to the deaths of a number of patients who have not received treatment. »ï¼º ¼¿ï º´¿øÀÇ ÀÇ»çÀÎ À¯´Â 8¿ù 12ÀÏ ¿¬¼¼´ë¿¡¼ÀÇ ½ÃÀ§¿¡¼ ¸î¸¸¸íÀÇ ÀÇ»ç¿Í 6000¸íÀÇ ¹«Àå ½ÃÀ§ Áø¾Ð °æÂû°ú ´ëÄ¡Áß¿¡ ´Ù¹ß¼º ôÃß °ñÀýÀ» ÀÔ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸¸ÀÌ ÀÌ ÀÇÇùÀÇ ÆíÁßµÈ ½ÃÀ§·Î ºÎ»óÀ» ÀÔÀº °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. À̰ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ÀÇ»ç¿Í ¾à»çµé°£ÀÇ »çÀ̰¡ ¹ú¾îÁö°Ô µÇ¾ú°í À̰ÍÀº ±è´ëÁß ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ³ëº§ÆòÈ»ó ¼ö»óÀ» À§ÇùÇßÀ¸¸ç ¸¹Àº Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇϴ ȯÀÚµéÀÇ »ç¸ÁÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. The strike, which will soon enter its fourth month, was called on July 29 in protest at the government's move to separate prescription and dispensation of drugs, two areas in which there has long been an overlap between doctors and pharmacists. °ð 4°³¿ù°¿¡ Á¢¾îµé ÀÌ ½ÃÀ§´Â 7¿ù 29ÀÏ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÀÇ»ç¿Í ¾à»ç°£ÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ¾î¿À´ø ÀǾàºÐ¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý´ë·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. By taking away the doctors' right to sell drugs on July 1, the government aims to trim medical costs as part of its efforts to revive an economy that slipped towards a meltdown during the Asian financial crisis of 1997. "We are in the process of reform", said Prime Minister Lee Hand-dong. "Everyone must be prepared to tolerate some inconveniences." 7¿ù 1ÀϺÎÅÍ ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ¾àǰ ÆÇ¸Å±ÇÀ» ¾Ñ¾Æ°¨À¸·Î½á Á¤ºÎ´Â 1997³â ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¸¦ ÈÛ¾´ °æÁ¦ ÆÄµ¿À» ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀÇ ÀÏȯÀ¸·Î ÀÇ·áºñ Àý°¨À» À§ÇØ ½Ç½ÃÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌÇѵ¿ ÃѸ®´Â "¿ì¸®´Â °³ÇõÁßÀ̰í, ¾à°£ÀÇ ºÒÆíÀ» °¨¼öÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù" °í ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. Doctors, however, have reacted furiously to the change, which deprives them of a major source of income and, they claim, threatens the health of patients who will not bother with consultations. Although they say they are not against the principle of separation, they believe that the reform unfairly discriminates against them. ÀÇ»çµéÀº ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º¯È¿¡ °ÝºÐÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸¿´°í À̰ÍÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀÇ ¼öÀÔÀÇ °¡Àå Å« ºÎºÐÀ» »¯¾î°¡°í ȯÀÚµéÀÇ °Ç°À» ÇØÄ¥°ÍÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀǾàºÐ¾÷ÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î ÀÚü¸¦ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï³ª ±×µéÀº À̰ÍÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æÇâÀÇ ÀÇ»çµé¿¡°Ô ºÒÆòµîÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Àû¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. The row centres on decades of rivalry between doctors and pharmacists. In the 1950s, when South Korea was struggling to develop, the government gave pharmacists extensive responsibilities for prescribing medication since this was a relatively cheap way of ensuring that the population had access to cheap drugs. À̰ÍÀº ÀÇ»çµé°ú ¾à»çµé°£ÀÇ ¶óÀ̹ú ÀǽĿ¡ ±× ÁßÁ¡À» µÎ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 1950³â ³²ÇÑÀÌ °³¹ß¿¡ ´«À» µ¹¸®±â ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¹«·Æ Á¤ºÎ´Â ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô ÀûÀº ¾à°ª¿¡ ¾àÀ» ±¸ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¾à»çµé¿¡°Ô ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ Ã³¹æÀ» ÇÒ¼ö Àִ åÀÓÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Despite the country's rapid economic growth, this situation persists today, which means that Korean pharmacists are selling a far wider range of drugs without a doctor's prescription than would be permitted in the western world. ³²ÇÑÀÇ ºü¸¥ °æÁ¦ ¼ºÀå¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí ÀÌ·± »óȲÀº ÇöÀç±îÁö Áö¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¼¹æ¿¡¼¿Í´Â ´Þ¸® Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¾à»çµéÀº ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Ã³¹æ¾øÀÌ ´õ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¹üÀ§ÀÇ ¾àÀ» ÆÇ¸ÅÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. The Korean Medical Association says this is dangerous because pharmacists--who train for 4 years compared with 11 for doctors--do not have the necessary expertise to recommend drugs such as warfarin, which could threaten a patient's life. They also complain that, unlike doctors, pharmacists do not have to keep a record of the drugs they prescribe. Doctors are demanding that the government restrict the number of drugs that can be sold over the counter and raise the cost of consultation and treatment by doctors. Çѱ¹ÀÇ»çÇùȸ´Â ¾à»çµéÀº ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ 11³â°£ÀÇ ¼ö·Ã¿¡ ºñÇØ 4³â¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÑ ÂªÀº ±³À°À» ¹Þ¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿¹¸¦ µéÀÚ¸é Wafarin°°Àº ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô Ä¡¸íÀûÀϼö ÀÖ´Â ¾àÀ» ´Ù·ê Àü¹® Áö½ÄÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾à»çµéÀÌ ÀÇ»çµé°ú´Â ´Þ¸® ó¹æÇÑ ¾àÀÇ ±â·ÏÀ» ³²±âÁö ¾Ê°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÇ»çµéÀº Á¤ºÎ¿¡°Ô ¾à±¹ ÆÇ¸Å´ë¿¡¼ ÆÇ¸ÅµÇ´Â ¾à°¡¸¦ »ó½ÂÇÒ °Í°ú ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Áø·á »ó´ãÀÇ °¡°ÝÀ» »óÀ§Á¶ÀýÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. In most of the Korean media, this has been portrayed as a sign of the avarice of doctors. Although this charge is not entirely without justification, it is also true that for many years the government encouraged doctors to make a profit on drug sales in return for low prescription costs--$7¡¤20 per person. This system reduced the burden on the national health insurance system, which covers 60% of prescription fees, but without the backdoor subsidy of drug sales doctors say they are underpaid for their services. At its peak, the strike closed 90% of Korea's hospitals. As a result, patients were sent home and surgery postponed, at times, with fatal consequences. In one high-profile case, a 71-year-old man died of asthma because he was unable to see a doctor on time. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¾ð·Ð¿¡¼´Â À̰ÍÀº ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ¿å½ÉÀ̶ó°í º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ ´Ù Á¤´çÈ µÉ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ Á¤ºÎ¿¡¼´Â Áö³ ¸î³âµ¿¾È ÀÇ»çµé¿¡°Ô »ó´çÇÑ ¾à°¡¸¶ÁøÀ» ÇãÇÏ¿´¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ÇöÀç ó¹æÀÇ 60%¸¦ ºÎ´ãÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ ÀǷẸÇèÀÇ ºÎ´ãÀ» ´ú¾îÁÖ°Ô µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª µÞ±¸¸ÛÀ¸·Î °Å·¡µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ¾à°¡¸¶ÁøÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°ÔµÇ¸é ÀÇ»çµéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼ºñ½ºº¸´Ù ³·°Ô º¸¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ°Ô µÈ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. °¡Àå ½ÉÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼´Â Çѱ¹³» º´¿øÀÇ 90%°¡ ¹®À» ´Ý±âµµ Çß¾ú°í ȯÀÚ´Â ÁýÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡°í ¼ö¼úÀº ¿¬±âµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ½É°¢ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ »óȲµµ ÃÊ·¡µÇ¾ú´Ù. 71»ì ¸ÔÀº õ½Ä ȯÀÚ´Â Àǻ縦 Á¦¶§ º¼¼ö ¾ø¾î¼ »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. In recent weeks, Korean doctors--who have never been on strike before--have slightly softened their stance in the face of public hostility. Emergency rooms, intensive care units, and delivery rooms have been excluded from the strike and about half of the KMA's 70 000 members have drifted back to work. ÃÖ±Ù ¸îÁÖ°£¿¡¼ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀÇ»çµéÀº °ø°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÀ»çÂ÷¿ø¿¡¼ ¾à°£ÀÇ ºÎµå·¯¿î ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» º¸À̰í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÀ±Þ½Ç°ú ÁßȯÀÚ½Ç ºÐ¸¸½ÇÀº °¡µ¿µÇ°í ÀÖ°í ÀÇÇùÀÇ 70000ȸ¿øÁß ¹Ý¼ö Á¤µµ°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¾÷¹«·Î º¹±ÍÇß´Ù. A resolution, however, still appears elusive. This week, in an attempt to find a compromise, the government proposed excluding elderly patients--the main market for drugs--from the principle of separation. But doctors countered that this action missed this point completely, and media reports suggest that even if the compromise was put into place, it would prompt a wave of strikes by pharmacists. Patients, it seems, will continue to suffer as a result of this squabble for some time. ±×·¯³ª ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¸ðÈ£Çϱ⸸ ÇÏ´Ù. À̹øÁÖ´Â ÇùÀǸ¦ À§ÇÏ¿© Á¤ºÎ¿¡¼ ³ëÀΠȯÀÚµéÀ» ÀǾàºÐ¾÷ÀÇ ´ë»ó¿¡¼ Á¦¿ÜÇÏÀÚ°í Á¦ÀÇÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÇ»çµéÀº À̰ÍÀº ÀÌ ÅõÀïÀÇ ÀïÁ¡À» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹þ¾î³ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸»Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¾ð·Ð¿¡¼´Â À̰ÍÀÌ ÀÇÁ¤ÀÇ Çù»óÀ» Á¤»óÈ ½ÃŲ´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ¾à»ç°èÀÇ ¹Ý¹ßÀÌ ÀϰÍÀ̶ó°í ¿¹»óÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ȯÀÚµéÀº ÀÌ·± »ç¼ÒÇÑ ´ÙÅùÀ¸·Î Çѵ¿¾È °í»ýÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. Jonathan Watts Á¶³ª´Ü ¿ÍÆ® ¡¡ | |||
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